Thứ Ba, 31 tháng 10, 2017

News on Youtube Oct 31 2017

Let's start with the warming relationship between South Korea and China.

It had looked as though there would be no turning back when Beijing began imposing highly

damaging economic retaliation measures over Seoul's missile defense upgrade decision.

But with the top nuclear envoys of the two sides set to hold talks in Beijing today,..

the door for more meetings and closer ties is now open.

Kim Hyo-sun reports.

South Korea's special representative for Korean Peninsula peace and security affairs, Lee

Do-hoon, will meet with his Chinese counterpart Kong Xuanyou in Beijing on Tuesday.

This will be their first face-to-face meeting since the two took office.

And early next month,... a delegation of six South Korean lawmakers led by Representative

Chung Dong-young of the liberal opposition People's Party,... will sit down with China's

former State Councilor Tang Jiaxuan to discuss measures to tackle North Korea's nuclear threats.

Moreover, former South Korean prime minister Lee Soo-sung and five sitting lawmakers are

scheduled to attend a seminar with Chinese diplomatic experts in Beijing on Friday.

The two neighbors also plan to resume police authorities exchanges, which have been halted

since July last year after Seoul's announcement of the deployment of the THAAD anti-missile

system.

Diplomatic sources in Beijing have interpreted the resumption of government-level exchanges

as a positive sign.

(CHINESE) "We hope South Korea-China relations return

to a peaceful and healthy trajectory as soon as possible."

With such a marked thawing of relations,... watchers note that such changes could be seen

as orders from the Chinese leadership.

Kim Hyo-sun, Arirang News.

For more infomation >> Resumption of South Korea-China public exchanges may signal improved bilateral relations - Duration: 1:51.

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Thomas Barclay - Microlensing and the K2 Experiment | Science Public Lecture | NASA Lecture - Duration: 53:14.

Welcome to the 2016 NASA Ames summer series

Biology is a magnification of the physical laws and structures that it is made of

Planets until recently have been thought to be unique, but the Kepler mission has demonstrated

that they are ubiquitous part of the physical universe and just

a reflection of the physical universe

K2

Has taken the Kepler satellite that's lost its ability to maintain

its

Long-duration pointing stability and created a new mission that observes the fields along the ecliptic Elaine

What discoveries await?

Today's presentation entitled micro lensing and the k2 experiment will be given by dr. Thomas Barkley

Dr. Barkley is the director of the Kepler k2 guest observer office?

where he is in part as

part of the duties responsible for performing Kepler and k2

driven investigations

He received a Bachelors of Science and physics from the University of Leeds

Followed by a Masters of Science in astronomy and radio astronomy from the University of Manchester

he then went on to

receive a PhD in astrophysics from the

University College London

Several notable discoveries that dr. Barkley, led

Include the detection of the smallest known exoplanet

and characterization of the first super Earths sized planet

Orbiting close to its star's habitable zone

Please join me in welcoming dr. Barkley

Good morning everyone and thanks for coming and hopefully you're all well and rest rested from the three-day weekend

So you'll be awake for the entire presentation which is going to be a really great thing

I'm going to talk about k2 the k2 mission, but I'm going to start actually by talking about the Kepler mission

We use the Kepler spacecraft for k2 and the Kepler mission. I think was one of the most important missions

We as an agency have ever done

It's can truly say that it's redefined where we see ourselves in the universe

What is our place? Where do we come from? Where are we going?

it's it's it's telling us about ourselves, and I think that's really really wonderful and fantastic and and and

changes our paradigm

So the Kepler missions goal was to determine the fraction of habitable zone planets

That are earth sized in our galaxy

And I think the mission has really done this and it's told us that there are planets everywhere and that

Once again, we learned that we're not especially unique or special out there at least in terms of where we live so

Just a brief mention of how we find planets

What we do is. We look at stars planets pass across the face of a star

You're still going yes sure like this

This is even better planets pass across the face of a star and when they pass across

They block a little bit of the star's light and that dimming we detect we call it a transit

We named this transit after things that happen in our own solar system. This is our own solar system

This is the Sun and this is Venus passing in front of it

Fortunately, I got to see two transits of Venus if you didn't see one you're gonna

Hope that you live well eat well and live for another 100 or 200 years because then it occur very often

Certainly not again in my lifetime

But this is the transit Venus. You can see some really wonderful things like this

Do you see this jittering on the surface of the star of the Sun here? This isn't just the projector?

Putting noise in there. This is actually what's going on on the surface of our star. This is granulation

This is motion convective motion coming up one of the amazing things about our spacecraft

And and what it does and how sensitive is it is is that this?

granulation noise

And surface noise and convective features is actually what limits our ability to find planets

Across among many of our stars is it's the stars themselves are too noisy, and they they they limit our detecting ability

I think that's really wonderful

But you see see some nice things there about finding planets you see the limb of the stars

Darker than the center of the star. This is what we call limb darkening. We see this in our Kepler data

You even see a little bit of the atmosphere of Venus

and I think the next 20 or 30 years of our our agency's exoplanet hunting and search will be to try and

Model the atmospheres of other planets not just ones in our own solar system

So why is it so difficult?

Why didn't we find lots and lots of planets until we had a mission in space to detect them

Well, this is what a Jupiter would look like

transiting

The Sun you see it's pretty big, it's about

1/10 the radius of the star therefore blocks about about 1% of the area

It's fairly easy to detect we call it a 1% transit a 1% dip

We see these from the ground these were amongst the first planets trying to found now. Let's look what earth would look like

Do you see this tiny dot up here here? It is? That's what earth is look like

the amount of light blocked by earth is

About 100 parts per million now to put that another way just imagine

you know there's a million photons coming from this star just a hundred are blocked by this planet and

Yet, we can detect these things in fact. We can just take many of these things

But we needed to build a special instrument, and so I hashed up a little short movie here

Showing some of the heroes of this story, you know we scientist gets to talk a lot about the results

but it's the

engineers and their ingenuity that time and again has enabled us to both build a wonderful instrument and then

Keep the mission going and keep it operating

Throughout this talk. I think everything we've done is depended on the ingenuity and the resourcefulness

and and the the childlike excitement of brilliant engineers

So I wish me to go back to the start

And I'll just show you some of the components of the spacecraft. This is our mirror

It's a one point four meter mirror. It goes at the bottom of the spacecraft

This is our camera up there

So you'll see some images that look like this camera that they they have the same shape this is actually a movie

But they're moving very slowly

But that's the solar the solar panel and later on the solar panel is going to become very

Important for for what I'm going to tell you this is just the the thing arriving at the Kennedy Space Center

for for launch

whilst the end packets

And here they are just just putting everything together and again you see you see this this spacecraft you see the the solar panel here

Which which became very important so the spirit of the mission launched in?

2009 in March and since then has been been operating firstly as a Kepler mission, and now is the k2 mission

As aboard a Delta 2 for those of you interested

One important thing to know about the spacecraft and for the microlensing component. This is absolutely essential is that Kepler doesn't orbit the Earth?

Kepler orbits the Sun and trails the earth in and what we call an earth trailing orbit

actually as time goes on Kepler gets further and further away from Earth a

Communication bandwidth goes decreases as a function of time

and

Eventually it'll drift and drift and drift until it goes behind the Sun

This is the were the main Kepler mission which lasted until 2013

we looked at a single patch of sky the entire time a reach of the sky in the

constellations of Lyra and

and and

The Cygnus that's the constellation that was escaping me and and you see here

This is the picture of the camera that camera that I was showing you earlier on board. It's about a hundred megapixels or so

It has 84 C CDs

Arranged in this pattern and so when you see big images of ours the reason they look like they do is because that's what our

Camera looks like and the bottom left here is actually an image of some of our data

People don't often show real Kepler data. They show lots the results

They show lots of artistic images, but they don't often show the data

And there's a very good reason for that our data. Doesn't look like Hubble data Hubble data

Essentially you need to take it you put it up as an image, and it looks beautiful

And then people work to make it look even more beautiful

But but the beauty's intrinsic to the image the beauty isn't intrinsic to our images our images look like fuzzy blobs

They're they're they're somewhat large blobs. These are the stars and this is where the magic happens

but simply all we do is we take a

Essentially a photograph every 30 minutes continuously we did that for four years

Of the same different regions of these weather stars are these fuzzy blobs so you have a nice time series of

Images just like this one

But what can they tell us?

This is actually how we find planets and they don't there's so much information in this time series

I showed a little bit at the movie of what a transit would look like

but remember

Stars here are just this blogs with we see them actually that they're what we call point sources and that we don't resolve the stars

We can't tell the the brightness across the surface of a star just from the image

They're just a single point of light that then gets a dispersed of it

So you can't physically see a planet passing through the middle of this you just see the integrated light of the the point source

Decreasing and that's what you're seeing here

This is actually some some real data is actually some early data, but I think it it shows nicely of

What a planet looks like you see this this random scatter this this kind of small level scatter across the data

That's the noise from the surface of a star in addition to some of the noise from our instrument you see regular dips

On top of this noise or dips down the size of these dips

Tells us that there's a planet there

there's a planet crossing across the surface of a star and the depth of the dips tells us about the

ratio of the size of the star to the size of the planet

It's actually the ratio of the area it tells us how much what percentage of the area of the star we're blocking

So if we block

If we know how big the star is and we know what percentage of light the stars?

Is being blocked we know how big the planet is it's just simple as that?

The other thing we can tell is by how frequent the dips are

We can tell how fast the star the planet goes around the star is orbital period earth that would have one transit every

365 days

That's all it is

By knowing how fast of platon that goes around the star and knowing how big the star is we know how far the planet is

away from the star we can start to understand how much energy the planets receiving from its star and then

Imaginations go wild thinking about what kind of biology could be on the star

And there actually lots of experts who know we're not a lot more than we do and really

Telling this from from being what in my mind is amazing science fiction into science fact and wonderful in-depth real new

Understanding about where we where we come from

So this is what I was saying turning pixels into planets we start off with this fuzzy blob. This is one star here

We measure it continuously for several years, and we get up the thing in the center

This is showing that dip here. This is the transit

this transits

just less than

It's like one part in

Was it one part in 10 to the 4 or so or 10 to the 10 to the 4?

That shows us that was the first rocky planet we ever found this planet was

About 50% larger than the earth, it's a the first terrestrial planet. We knew of outside of our own system and

Then there's the artistic image in the bottom right because we like artistic images

So the this this

Really tells the story of what the Kepler mission

Did and why why I think when I when I use a lot of?

superlatives to describe

The impact of this mission, I don't think I'm overstating things

This is our understanding in 2009 of what the planets outside our own solar system did

so the first planet was found in 1995 that was 51 peg first planet outside our own solar system and

then since then they've been a

Though there was a number of discoveries most of them very large planets most of them things jupiter-sized

so this is a graph here the the y-axis the up the vertical axis shows the size of a planet and

The relative to earth where Earth at one Jupiter's at 11 Neptune's about four and the orbital period of the planet so it's planets year

You can see there's lots of giant planets there were some hot giant planets in pink

These are ones found by the transit method the method that we use with Kepler

And then there are a few smaller ones found but nothing nothing really that was was definitely earth

Looking looking like Earth there was really a dearth of planets around Neptune sized so

Before we launched Kepler. We didn't know if earths were rare or common

We didn't know if Neptune's were rare or common on most planets Jupiter sized

You know the most things we found was Jupiter sized, but that's because that's all we could find

And this is what happened over the next four years

BAM there's about 4600 planet candidates in here of which so far. We know

2,300 of those are real confirmed exoplanets

So this has gone from knowing of

tens of planets Jupiter size to knowing that there are thousands of planets out there and

Most of them interestingly aren't aren't like the earth era they're not like Neptune either

They're in this middle range between Earth and Neptune what we call super Earths

Super Earths are wonderful and fantastic because we don't have any of them in our own solar system

So we we really don't understand very much about them

You know if we find something

Sighs we can make a good guess that it's maybe like Venus or maybe like earth we find something Jupiter sighs well

Maybe it's like Jupiter. We find something super earth-sized. We really don't know

So it's an exciting time trying to learn what these are made of and and and why they stopped coming

But you can see there's no planets out here

so this is 2013 and

Since then when the mission stopped and since then we've been working extremely hard to develop our algorithms and software to improve our detection

methods and methodologies and

Signal to noise so we can find these we can dig in the noise and find these new the planets out here

Which is where we were really hoping to find find exoplanets because at least as far as we we can understand planets

Like like ours have liquid water, and they are the size of ours

So we're trying to find things in that regime that a temperate enough to have liquid water perhaps

and so this is the latest as of

the latest planet candidate come out in 2015

There are very little updates since then, but there'll be another update later this year

And you can see that finally we're starting to find small numbers of planets out at this earth, Earth region

That means we're sensitive to earth sized things and we're finding earth sized things orbital periods of one year

This is places like where we live

Perhaps and the next mission is going to try and understand them do they have atmospheres

What do they like to they have water? This is the future this is for the interns in the room?

This is this is the jet your generation is to

Help us learn and help us understand or even just to exist at the time when we're finding

atmospheres on other planets

Okay, so as I mentioned one of the before Kepler launched we knew of

Just Jupiter sized things so are they common the answer's no

Jupiter's are extremely rare if you look at what we find we find very few jupiter-sized planets

Other detection methods are finding the same thing Jupiter isn't a common thing in fact if we if you found another

Earth-sized planet in the habitable zone it probably doesn't have a Jupiter companion

The most common things we're finding a sort of Neptune super-earths and neptune-like

Things when you correct for our

detection sensitivity you find that probably the most common planets out there are things that are earth sized I

Just wanted to touch upon some of the individual discoveries a lot of them led by people who work within NASA Ames

along with some wonderful external scientists

Who've been involved with our team this includes things that are the first earth-sized planet?

The first capital 20 to be the first planet inside of its habitable zone

And then as we move along the first earth-sized planet inside. It's habitable zone

This is kepler 186f in the first so a super earth sized thing

Orbiting within the habitable zone none of these are quite earth-like yet, so these are this the most exciting

Planets we've discovered so far, but I think we're moving towards every step. We make things that remind us of Earth

And

If you think of we found these thousands of planets we must be looking at a lot of a lot of the sky

Actually, no. We look at at one tiny area

This is this region just shows you the tiny span where we're finding planets with Kepler in fact

It's even smaller than this because we can only find planets that cross in front of their star

But of course the vast majority of planets don't cross in front of their star. They're the ecliptic plane is an angle towards us

therefore we don't find them we only detect a few percent or less than a percent of of

Planets around their stars so while we found thousands of galaxies huge, and we detect very few so there really are truly planets everywhere

So cap was

Unfortunately the the Kepler mission came to an end after four years in 2013

In 2012 we had a good inkling that the that our time

operating the Kepler mission was was going to come to an end we lost a

Reaction wheel so on the spacecraft we launched we have four reaction wheels you can actually see them here these are wheels

These things are now

We're not actually pointing to the wheel those are wheels

these actually

this is how we point the spacecraft you have wheels you have them orthogonal to each other and you spin them and

By spinning in the right way

You can turn the spacecraft or you can hold it pointing steady the solar wind is constantly blowing towards us

And it's trying to return the spacecraft and so we need to counteract that by spinning wheels it's very simple. It's nicely

just just using angular momentum to keep us pointing unfortunately losing one is okay, because you still have three axes and

Dement three dimensions, and you still have three wheels losing two is not good and in 2013 we lost the second of these

so that

meant that we have two axes and three spatial dimensions and

And many people thought that that was that was the mission over, but here are some some nice headlines. I found

kepler planet hunting suffers major failure says NASA

That was it perhaps that was it perhaps that was the end of the mission

Rest in peace care for

NASA gives up hope of fixing it

One thing you should learn about engineers is I I think they they never give up even if they're told there they have to give

Up they're gonna keep keep digging away

And and I think talking to some of the engineers at Ball Aerospace?

And here at here at Ames

Who are involved in this the time when kepler broken things look pretty dire? I think they they had the most fun

They've ever had in their entire lives nasa nasa missions are fairly

Restricted you know you you don't want to go out straw outside the lines because your spacecraft's operating its operating well

And you don't want to break anything, and it's very easy to break things in space

But suddenly you had something that was broken, and you couldn't make it more broken

It didn't work, so you're allowed to do anything you win reason anything you like to try and get

Fixing all wacky ideas were entertained

About what we could do with a spacecraft?

And you've got to play doing all these things that at graduate school and undergraduate you got to you learnt about

Or as a writing

So this was the this is the next report that came out all is not lost

Suddenly someone had an idea of how how we can keep going and Hubble spacecraft down the hunt for a new mission

So this was great. What was this new mission this new mission was the k2 mission

Many people are saying why is it called k2?

Why is it not Kepler - well as a matter that was well as its named after the mountain?

k2 not not Kepler Wow Everest may be the highest mountain a

Higher proportion of people died climbing k2, so I thought this was a appropriate metaphor for our for our mission an extremely challenging

thing that

to

Do and to to to try and try and keep operating, so how does this new Kepler mission work so you have three axes I?

Brought a model I have a prop so you have three axes and

If you think you point it like this and your solar pressure goes like this you're gonna roll

Like this and tumble and you might be able to hold two dimensions

But you're still gonna start to roll and you're gonna start to tumble

So what we need what the engineers realize is we need to find a way to

balance the spacecraft to hold the spacecraft in fine pointing Wow

With the two reaction wheels and then balance it against the solar pressure

Then once you come up with that idea the answer is fairly simple

The solar pressure comes at you like this so you need to point like this at the Sun

You can hold the pitch in your steady you guys are the Sun in this image

Pitching your steady. That's this way and then all its uncontrolled is this roll vector

So if you point your solar panels the thing I told you would be important at the Sun so that they're finely balanced so the

spacecraft looks symmetrical and the normal to the Sun you minimize roll

And you can balance your spacecraft you can point precisely right over here, and you can operate your mission again

So this Ridge this is what we call the balance point

And this is this is just another image showing you

This way down the bore sight of the spacecraft

And you can see what we need to do is we need to find

Finer ways of the soul of son coming from here is just balanced and so we spent several months commissioning the spacecraft

Essentially learning what the spacecraft looked like in the normal to the Sun?

so our commissioning involves us pointing at the start pointing a field of the sky and seeing how much we

reroll, and then changing that angle of it and seeing how much we roll until we learn where the balance of the spacecraft was and

Amazingly, we could we were able to do this

We're able to learn the shape of the spacecraft in in the in space and point the spacecraft precisely

Using wheels and by balancing it now. It's not a fire finally precise

balance it's an unstable equilibrium

Eventually you're going to roll one way or the other

So the way we control for that is that if we point it. We start to roll if you roll too far

We fire a thruster which puts us back and the thrusters

Our thrusters are on here it puts us back to where we were and so you have this continual motion of pointing roll

Reset roll reset, and we do that about every 6 6 to 12 hours

So this is the nice headline, I thought this was well described exactly what we're doing there that that description kepler

kepler resurrects planet-hunting NASA resurrects counts on attending Kepler with broken parts with magical Sun

So I think that's I thought that was very nice

So yeah magical Sun

Because of what we're doing this actually limits us

But also create created our mission and created what we're doing our

Limitations though that we could only look for us at a part of the sky for about 80 days

the reason being if you think of the again, you're the Sun and you're going around the Sun like

Around the Sun like this looking backwards

you can look at somewhere over here and

You your limit is you can't go too far around?

Are you gonna start getting light down the barrel the spacecraft which is terrible? You don't want something like down there and then

That's around here. You don't and then the other side. You can't get too far around

This way as you over at the Sun because you don't want you want to get the solar panel

I keep having lights

So that limits us to observations of in one way about 30 degrees in there the way about 50 degrees so about 80 degrees

Because we our orbital period is roughly

360 degrees that's about one degree a day so it gives us an 80-day campaign

This is what this is showing this is us going around the Sun this way we pointed a field over here

We move around we keep pointing and then we point up to 190 degrees away

And this is an 80 days of motion we point backwards so we don't get bugs on the mirror when we move

It's actually so we don't get earth in the field of view if you point forwards you

You would get earth in the field of view very naturally if I would have to pass through the field of view Earth's

extremely bright and

When we were commissioning this we weren't sure

What would happen if something that bright fell onto our focal plane?

And so we decided well given the balance between putting forwards and backwards. It's fairly even less point backwards

We since learnt that it's actually fine. If gets into our field of view. It doesn't cause any long-term damage or anything

But that was just the way we built the mission

So what happens then is you get a lot of fields observed along this ecliptic plane the plane that our spacecraft

Our spacecraft

Looks out on the plane that the Earth and Sun are in and so this is that this is nice you all know the constellations

The ecliptic plane or probably most of you because there's a dial constellations

So the first two years of our mission was shown in in in

Brown, it's probably brown Brown here, and and the next two years are shown in green

So these next two years have just been funded so we know we're gonna go be at least a four-year mission

I'm going to talk a little bit

Soon about the the yellow arrow here. This is campaign 9. This is our microlensing campaign

We did a dedicated campaign to microlending and you're gonna hear some of that later

I

Might give you a talk of someone else will give you a talk in two years telling you about the the next arrow the supernova

Focus campaign a a single experiment dedicating to understanding supernovae and the the early rise are when a supernova happens

But that's that's going to happen sometime next year

K2 isn't just Kepler, but worse that's the important thing

It's a very different mission, and we knew we couldn't survive being Kepler, but worse Kepler Kepler changed everything

But Kepler took all this data, and we're using it to understand

Around us, but I think

Kepler's done. I mean we've got the data. We needed to learn a lot about our universe

We don't want to collect that data again and learn the same things we want to do something new

So k2 enables us to do that we can do things

We couldn't do with Kepler because of the way the spacecraft operates here are just some some examples

Of things that we didn't do with Kepler this is

M35 this is a cluster of stars

Clusters of stars are fantastic laboratories to study astrophysics all the stars formed at the same time or roughly the same time

Therefore they probably all have the same composition so you have stars the same composition same age

Why do they differ and their differences should tell you something about what them?

How old they are how massive they are how?

What their radius is what the evolution his eerie history is our binary is more common a binary is less common

What are planets like in clusters so so you can learn about how things form as as?

Universe goes on by looking at different clusters at different ages Kepler didn't look at many clusters

We can look at lots because we look along the ecliptic

Ecliptic is full of clusters. We look at Kepler looked at one field

We're gonna look at 18 fields so we get 18 amount of the x amount of area that Kepler saw

This this is star forming regions Kepler intentionally didn't look at star forming regions

Why is that because star forming regions are full of dust and dust absorbs optical light, and if you absorb optical light?

You don't see as many stars. You don't find as many planets and you can't find earth-like things

With caplet with k2, that's not a limitation anymore. We look at a single field for 80 days if it's got lots of dust

we'll just look at somewhere with less dust in three months and

Now we can start to study these youngest stars

We can study how stars form we can study how planets form we can study

When planets form do planets form right away at the same time the star they take a few million years after the star

Do they form close to the star do they form far out from the star these are questions k2 can answer that?

Kepler wasn't able to answer these a new new science. We're learning and something

I'll show you a little bit of a movie of this is a a comet here

The ecliptic plane as we learn very quickly when we started getting our commissioning data is full of

Moving objects because it looks at where our own solar system is our solar system forms in a disk and so kept k2 is looking

Into this disk and so we see thousands and thousands of asteroids and we see planets

But plants closer to home than what we're used to

There's a little bit about focus, but this is a cover image from our proposal we put in

But this is showing you all the constellations along our ecliptic and things that either we have observed or will observe in those

constellations, and you can see this huge variety from from

galaxies to planets to

To clusters to planetary nebulae all different science in all different fields

Were depending where you look you find different things you have different science

So I think I think

K2 is really far exceeded our expectations of the the breadth of science. It's doing it's it's it's really

changed from this somewhat narrow mission of Kepler into this extremely broad mission of a general astrophysics Observatory in

Addition to astrophysics we also do some planetary science work planetary sciences is looking at things in our own solar system

Here is

Just a quick movie of us an object from our own solar system. This is the planet Neptune and

You can see something going around Neptune. That's the moon, Triton

This is I think about 60 days of data?

And you can see this this planet moving you see a smear because the planet

bleed of the bright because the planets very bright we can see very nicely the moon the motion and the orbital dynamics

you know we a lot of us learned orbital dynamics in in an undergraduate in high school in PhD at different levels I

certainly had never seen orbital dynamics happen in real time or or in a movie like this as the moon goes around the

Planet here, you can see Kepler's laws in in acts in a single movie

And the reason the Neptune is moving so much isn't that net cheese moving fast. It's that the the para lactic angle of

Kepler-22 - to Neptune here is changing as

the spacecraft moves around the Sun the the

Position of Neptune compared to the background stars moves we call this a parallax, and that's what's going on here

This is just showing you some of the other solar system stuff

We're doing this is the the brightness change of some Astrid

transept tuning objects things in orbit in the same orbit as Pluto and you can see this little wiggle in brightness as

They rotate we can learn the shapes of

Bodies in the outer solar system we can learn how they rotate we can learn how bright they are

This can help us learn how the solar system formed

The reason I'm showing planetary science stuff is because I think nobody predicted that we would do a lot of planetary science work

But it's actually become a very important part of the mission as we learn about our own solar system and that informs us about

exoplanets and vice-versa I

Like this movie because it's the faintest thing we ever observed with k2. This is something for those who understand magnitudes 23rd magnitude is

Extremely faint you can see something going up and down. Do you see that?

That's a transit tuning object. I don't know if you can you can see that in the movie

You have to get your eye in there we go up and down the faintest thing. We've ever observed

Kepler observes from okay - we observe objects from the extremely bright to the extremely faint we have this huge dynamical range of brightness

Okay, so I mentioned clusters clusters is extremely important. This is an image of the Pleiades

I show Hubble images because Hubble's beautiful as I mentioned earlier. This is a Hubble image of the Pleiades

this is actually our image of the Pleiades the Seven Sisters as

Many of you'll know it

And the seven bright stars here, which are used really?

Heavily in astrophysics to try and understand how how stars operate?

Let's zoom in here, and this is showing you this - the shape of RC CDs

This is showing you where where are where we looked for a given campaign

And then we put masks around the and we put mass around them and we can observe these bright stars

In the in this field of view and you can see them actually because they're moving here

That's the movement of the spacecraft

I mentioned there's six hour roll so by looking at these we can look how their brightness changes over time we can look at seismology

Inside of these stars as they oscillators as gas moves up and down and can

Convex inside them and we can understand the internal structure of these stars that people have been observing for

millennia

Giving you insights on them

This is just a just show. I'll show you some of the

Full frame images as we call them. This is our full frame

You'll see that there are two to CCDs that are no longer operating, but the the rest of the the area

Really is vast and and can teach us a huge amount about that our galaxy

And this is so this is where the Pleiades is this is another cluster the Hyades that many of you heard of

Prosecco or M or the Beehive cluster falls into things

So so this is a hugely diverse field and hugely new things that we can we can look into

Of course k2 is still an exoplanet powerhouse

Exoplanets really is what the mission primarily seems to do while we're a general observatory people propose

To do science and exoplanets is obviously a very big part of this

There are 50 confirmed more than 50 confirmed planets from k2

I think there's about a thousand planet candidates as of yesterday

There was an eight announcement of about eight hundred new planet candidates so K twos

Pushing up there

Towards the Kepler numbers of things detected and crucially we're finding planets around the nearest stars and the nearest and brightest stars

Things that perhaps we can hope to characterize with missions like James Webb

So this is the as of a month ago the number of planets

We're finding you see this actually mirrors kept look quite nicely very few bigger things

many more of these smaller things

Peaking in the super earth size regime where we're most sensitive

So this is just showing you some of these as why we differ from Kappler

Those this is a popular hand out image that we we gave to many people as opposed to for Kepler

And then we made one for k2 and and with Kepler you thought how small the Sun is with k2 you think how big the?

Sun is that's because k2 lots looks with lots of nearby planet stars trying to find planets around the

Smallest stars these M. Dwarfs as we call them the reason being small stars are have a bigger transit depth

I said transits a function of the the area of the planet divided by the area of the star blocked or

The area of the star and therefore if you shrink the star you find big smaller planets easy it more easily

So that's what we're doing k2. We're finding these planets around the smallest stars

So

Kepler's told us a lot about the inner part of the solar system of the solar systems

It's taught us about the occurrence of things interior basically of Earth's orbit around other stars

But if you look at this graph this shows you how?

where the the inner system of

Our solar system and where Kepler's sensitive the blue region here is showing Kepler sensitivity as a function of of

Distance from from a star and it tails off as you get towards the Earth's orbit

And then if you shrink that region down and look at how big our solar system is

You realize that Kepler while teaching us so much about other planetary systems

It's just a tiny window into the into even our own solar system in fact

If you think of what Kepler could detect in our own solar system

Kepler might find one perhaps two planets in our own solar system of which our system has many

So we've just probed this tiny regime

Fortunately there's something called micro lensing that may may come out to inform us of other

Regions around other stars

Teach us things about Neptune Saturn Uranus and there a frequency that we simply don't know right now

and

K2 is going to be an important part of this

So what is gravitational microlensing very very simply gravitational microlensing uses the fact that gravity warps space-time

So if you have a lot of gravity and you have a background star the light from that bat

Or a background galaxy in a traditional micro lensing the the the light from that galaxy is going to be bent

That's gonna. Be focused and so you see

That light these background galaxies is brighter than they would actually be this is nutritional gravitational microlensing

It's been used for for a long time to weigh

Foreground galaxies you can understand the mass of things by how much they bend the light

Grab a micro lensing

guys that was gravitational lensing micro lensing

Uses this effect

But in on the much much smaller scale you

take a background star a star on our Galactic bulge say in the center of our galaxy and

Then you have that light coming towards you and then you have a foreground star perhaps even a star

That's too thin to see but the light of that background star is bent around the foreground star

So as that foreground star moves past because everything's moving moves past the background star

You see the background star get brighter because the light is focused towards us we call this a micro lens

And so that's what you're seeing here

Background star foreground star moving, and you see this shape of the brightening, but what if this foreground star had a planet?

You'd see two dips

You'd see first the main different micro lensing of the star a little dip caused by the lensing of the planet

The planets causing and this is a micro lensing event so this goes up, then you see the secondary dip that lasts

You know of order a few hours to a day and the main event might last a few weeks

We've detected a few planets like this

But very few and the Kepler mission is going to help us to take many more of these this is a

Brief movie, I'm gonna show showing you how this effect works not just for stars of planets

But also perhaps for free-floating planets the idea is that there's planets orbiting no star

wandering planets or rogue planets

I call the free-floating planets so in addition to finding planets around distant distant around their own star we can also find planets

That orbit with no star

So this is just the my cleansing effect

This is the lens here move across this is the the back

This is the foreground star that you can't see warping the lights

And then you see this ring as it is it focused the light towards you and then when you add up all that light you

See this this

bright brightening

So k2 is going to look towards the center of the galaxy where there are the most stars you have the most chance of something

passing in front of a a

Background star and it's going to try and find these events by looking looking a large patch of the sky towards there

We just look at what Kepler probe in its tiny region we can see

That in comparison is very small

Compared to the way the microlensing region is going to probe Micronesia region has a much more higher volume of space where it can find

Events towards the center of the galaxy looking for these these very faint

Stars that pass in front of these background things so but why k2?

Okay, these micronized events have been observed from the ground some wonderful ground-based observing projects to detect them

And they found planets or have found few low tens of planets

Kepler gives you something else Kepler

Isn't orbiting Earth it's far from the earth in fact as I mentioned. It's about

8/10 of the way to the Sun as is the distance that Kepler's away

So that means that Kepler and Earth look at a different angle towards these micro lensing events and these microlensing events are extremely

Precisely tuned and the shape of this brightening is very precise and very

Sensitive to the angle that you're looking at it

So if both of them look at a slightly different angle they see different things the events look slightly different

This is just a example of what something would look like here

You see the the my cleansing event from Earth and you see a slightly different time a center and a slightly different

magnification from what the the space crack the k2 mission would detect with a Kepler spacecraft

And you can use these differences in the shape to learn things about the unseen lens star

Primarily and the unseen lens planet. Hopefully primarily you learn about its mass. You know how massive these planets are

Without the extra line-of-sight. It's very hard to uniquely determine the mass

I'll skip that one

of course doing this requires a

Lot of ground-based observing the Earth's a challenging place to look at continuously

Kappa k2 can look at a place continuously fairly easily. We just point on the earth

There are two reasons one the Earth rotates, and you have daytime two you have whether you're clouds

So because we wanted to observe this region simultaneously from Earth and space for three months with no break

We put together a huge network of spare telescopes to observe

This is just some of the the telescopes that are observing these regions of sky

continuously both doing

observing of large regions and also follow-up

Events are found

These telescopes I think most of them are observing every single night for the campaign campaign 9. Which which ended a few days ago

It was and and most of these are manual so you needed people observing at the telescope's for 3 months

straight for all these telescopes

I like to think that we we actually observed the the micro lensing region for more than 24 hours a day because we had multiple

telescopes going simultaneously for three months

And so that meant that when there's weather and when there's daytime there wasn't a break

This is just the the the first image that we pulled down from the spacecraft. This is our full-frame image

This was made courtesy of Doug Caldwell who works within the project and I try to

Show you what this looks like it looks nothing like any of our previous full-frame images

And that's because it's just packed with stars the stars everywhere

and

You know this is like looking at the Milky Way in fact if any of you have been lucky enough to be in the southern

Hemisphere it's like looking in the Milky Way in the southern hemisphere, or you see more stars

and

So this is a region the dark regions where there's lots of dust and here you've seen huge numbers of stars

And this is where we we do some of our microlensing experiments

And as of today there are about 500 micro lensing events detected from the ground and from from from the spacecraft

Which we hope to find planets in still working progress that campaign stopped over the weekend

And we're gonna be working hard to find find more events as time goes on

I'm just going to stop here and saying that this isn't the end of the story my cleansing we understand as a

An agency to be an extremely valuable

way to

Determine what other planetary systems are like Kepler told us about the hot planets the planets that are hotter than Earth and equal to Earth

k2 and

W first in the future are telling us about the cold planets

Don't be first to launch in 2024 and we'll be detecting

thousands of jupiter-like planets and neptune-like planets, and maybe cold earth-like planets orbiting their best distant stars

and

Hopefully lots of free-floating planets

Orbiting no star road planets, so I know I say

it's just thanks for coming and stay tuned for our early estimates of

Micra lensing events when we find them they'll be coming out of the next 12 months. Thank you

So we have time for some questions if you have a question

Please raise your hand and wait for the microphone ask one question only. Thank you

Hi Richard art reader was sort of Colorado. Thanks for that great. Talk. I have a question regarding the

Regions of planets that are detected you had mentioned that there's an issue of sensitivity in terms of noise

Versus detection and it's in this sort of Earth analog or sorry earth earth

Weejun

I'm wondering if you are aware of the star shade project

And I'm wondering if you have any information regarding that how it's proceeding if it's proceeding yeah

so so yeah our

limited sensitivity of Earth's sides can because

When you build a spacecraft you tend not to?

Fund it to do things far and beyond your actual what you want to do

You know you what you want to come in as cheap as possible, but still do amazing science

So you make what you want to do, just possible and so

That's why we're not detecting many because it's extremely hard and our mission ended after after just four years

However, we are finding things, which is which is really fantastic

The starshade project is just mind-blowing

It really is you launch a spacecraft to look at a star you then launch this huge thing that can be you know

tens of meters across looks like a

petals of a flower to block light from the star and by blocking light from the star

You can start to see the planets around the star

reason if you look at a star in the sky

you can't see planets even if your eyes were incredibly sensitive because your Swap pumped by light from the

light from the star swamps any light coming from the planet

but if you use very

Clever optics sort of block out light from the star you can see that see the planets these star shades are gonna orbit

Millions of miles from the from the spacecraft is it's an incredible undertaking

But there are certainly there are plans that this star shades going to be launched

Perhaps in the 2020s there are certainly investigations going on right now perhaps even

As part of the w first experiment, it's it's it's a very much an exciting new area of research

But it's it's very challenging to do one of the reasons is you can look at once over here

And then you have to move your star shade

millions of miles in order to look at another star in another part of the sky

That and the optics which incredibly hard to create

But I think I think coronagraphs which are much smaller things to block the light and star shades which are much bigger things

But all but far for the spacecraft are going to be how we're gonna find

And understand life outside our own solar system because you can actually image the planets themselves you can see

Directly the light coming from these planets you can understand perhaps. What's in the atmospheres of these planets?

Hi, I'm Morgan from Florida Tech

And I was wondering what the most common solar system

Configuration is for exoplanets, and if we have enough data to speculate about

about that

Kepler

Really, you know it probes the inner solar systems

It doesn't probe the outer solar systems, but other things do I think the average solar system?

doesn't have

Many giant planets the average solar system probably has planets closer in than ours

We're probably a little unusual in that we don't have anything interior to mercury

That said the universe is so large that I think if you

And and the number of parameters so high that if you looked at any planetary system

You'd say this one's unique for reason eggs

But because there's so many parameters every every planetary system is unique and we can point to things in our solar system that are unusual

but

Unusual things happen all the time

I think one thing we have you know as we increase our knowledge as a species we learn how insignificant. We are

We're just learning that again planetary systems like ours are likely common

Maybe not maybe not the most common, but they're certainly not rare

Hi, I'm Karina, and thank you for your talk

You mentioned earlier that there's a focus on refining?

Algorithms to find planets that are the same size as Earth and I was wondering why the priority is on finding

Same size instead of like maybe the same energy or like why does size make a planet more inhabitable?

Why can't we inhabit bigger or smaller planets?

Yeah, so that the Kepler mission was focused on finding planets like ours so orbiting stars like ours

orbiting

Dis planets at distances like ours and sizes like ours the reason being is we have a sample of one

One planet with life, and we extrapolate from there

I think probably anybody if you explained that you've discovered one thing and you're going to extrapolate to the universe any

kind of statistical person will critique that method

Somewhat harshly, but that's all we have and that's what we do. We know life on our planet needs liquid water and

We we need

RoR solid surface we we don't have

Life that just at least not much life that floats around with no surface perhaps it exists

But it's probably hard to detect it wouldn't be complex life like we have

Probably so the reason being is because we know that we exist therefore we look for places that look like our own

It's probably not a very good strategy, but it's the least worst just right now

So please join me in thanking dr. Tom Barkley

You

For more infomation >> Thomas Barclay - Microlensing and the K2 Experiment | Science Public Lecture | NASA Lecture - Duration: 53:14.

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Resumption of South Korea-China public exchanges may signal improved bilateral relations - Duration: 1:53.

Our starting point this morning,... the warming relationship between South Korea and China.

It had looked as though there would be no turning back when Beijing began imposing highly

damaging economic retaliation measures over Seoul's missile defense upgrade decision.

But with the top nuclear envoys of the two sides set to hold talks in Beijing today,..

the door for more meetings and closer ties is now open.

Kim Hyo-sun reports.

South Korea's special representative for Korean Peninsula peace and security affairs, Lee

Do-hoon, will meet with his Chinese counterpart Kong Xuanyou in Beijing on Tuesday.

This will be their first face-to-face meeting since the two took office.

And early next month,... a delegation of six South Korean lawmakers led by Representative

Chung Dong-young of the liberal opposition People's Party,... will sit down with China's

former State Councilor Tang Jiaxuan to discuss measures to tackle North Korea's nuclear threats.

Moreover, former South Korean prime minister Lee Soo-sung and five sitting lawmakers are

scheduled to attend a seminar with Chinese diplomatic experts in Beijing on Friday.

The two neighbors also plan to resume police authorities exchanges, which have been halted

since July last year after Seoul's announcement of the deployment of the THAAD anti-missile

system.

Diplomatic sources in Beijing have interpreted the resumption of government-level exchanges

as a positive sign.

(CHINESE) "We hope South Korea-China relations return

to a peaceful and healthy trajectory as soon as possible."

With such a marked thawing of relations,... watchers note that such changes could be seen

as orders from the Chinese leadership.

Kim Hyo-sun, Arirang News.

For more infomation >> Resumption of South Korea-China public exchanges may signal improved bilateral relations - Duration: 1:53.

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[Halloween Special] DANCING KPOP IN PUBLIC CHALLENGE #4 - Duration: 7:03.

For more infomation >> [Halloween Special] DANCING KPOP IN PUBLIC CHALLENGE #4 - Duration: 7:03.

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First Lady Melania Trump wowed the public when she wearing a form fitting-little black dress - Duration: 2:22.

For more infomation >> First Lady Melania Trump wowed the public when she wearing a form fitting-little black dress - Duration: 2:22.

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California Gas Tax Is Good For Public Transit, But Not For Drivers' Wallets - Duration: 2:53.

For more infomation >> California Gas Tax Is Good For Public Transit, But Not For Drivers' Wallets - Duration: 2:53.

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Public speaking nightmares - blubbing - Duration: 1:15.

Its not a good look

when you stand up to give a speech

and you're over-emotional.

This isn't the Royal Shakespeare Company!

You might be giving your daughter away

You might be getting married

You might feel incredibly passionate about your subject at a conference

But you don't want to give-in to the emotions

and there's only one way to stop it happening on the night and that's ...

To rehearse properly!

Not mumbling the words to yourself when you're on the train

but to stand up and deliver the thing like you mean it.

get the tears out

get the emotion out when you're rehearsing it quietly and privately

and get to a stage where you know you're in control

then you get up and give your speech on the day

and the words will create great impact and emotion on everyone else

but you can stay calm, collected and in control

For more infomation >> Public speaking nightmares - blubbing - Duration: 1:15.

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New resources spur success at Samuel Terry Public School - Duration: 1:11.

At Samuel Terry Public School we have utilised our additional funding

which has achieved great success across the school.

We were given the target specifically for

our school to improve literacy and numeracy by 6% over three years,

so we've actually exceeded that goal in the first two years.

So we're really proud of that.

We employed an extra 11 SLSOs. (School Learning Support Officers).

Every one of those aides

has been trained in specific programs to assist with student learning in the classroom.

We bought 137 iPads for the school and

also 20 laptops and they are used throughout the school every single day.

We've started a program across the school where every child from

kindergarten through to Year 6 learns computer coding,

so they become controllers of technology

and not just passive users of technology.

We've also used that funding for again fun and engaging programs

such as our Creative Clubs afternoons

where teachers get to teach children something which is a passion of theirs.

Children being more engaged in class is what it's all about.

They want to come to school and

they're learning without even knowing it.

For more infomation >> New resources spur success at Samuel Terry Public School - Duration: 1:11.

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The Secret Lives of Public Servants - Episode 1: The Radical Artist - Duration: 4:25.

The truth of the matter is,

(music)

My name is Marc Adornato. I moonlight as a contemporary social-political artist

in Ottawa. So basically I work for the public service.

Unfortunately I can't reveal a whole lot of information about what I do because

there's a conflict of interest policy that says that I can't really say who I

work for or where I work or what I really do at work.

(music)

Kind of came as a natural evolution to start making artwork about politics and

stuff that's happening in the world and then as the years I guess maybe because

I'm in Ottawa a lot of the jobs here are government-related or they're political-

related in some way, so it just kind of turned out to be that I got a job which

would then inform me about the politics, which is a kind of cool angle and then

I'd go home and make my artwork that's also politically-related

(music)

(saw cutting)

(electronic beeping)

So this piece is a piece I made out of junk called the electric communist detector

(electronic beeping, continued)

It essentially detects communists.

(electronic beeping, continued)

Basically the paintings I submitted to the RBC painting competition.

RBC's mascot, his name is Arby, actually, just found out that his job is being exported to India,

so he gives the finger to RBC

then proceeds to light up a Molotov cocktail and throw it at the bank which

he then burns down and you see here with the bank burning and then he is then

subsequently tasered by the RCMP to death.

I think it's important that even public service people public employees outside of work can can speak freely

about what they believe in and you know that kind of stuff

(music)

The reality is it's really tough to become financially independent off just

being an artist. So that's where, you know, the job that I have is paying the bills

and pays me to to be able to buy tools for my workshops and stuff like this.

"Gonna open the floor up for this piece with fifty dollars."

"Do we have fifty dollars?"

"We have fifty dollars, all the money going to the Ottawa Riverkeeper."

"We have fifty dollars right here? Do we have fifty-five?"

"Fifty-five, right there. Do we have sixty, sixty. We have sixty-five..."

I really actually enjoy enjoy both my job and I enjoy doing the art work. So I've really got kind of

lucky like that I can have fun doing both things.

Whoo!

(chuckles)

it's hard to figure out what people do sometimes, as public servants outside of work, because we do we live

very bizzare lives I think.

I mean everybody's I guess sometimes got a really strong passion that they're almost crazy about

and I would put myself in that category.

(music)

We go to work and we're like this family that all works together and we know our jobs and our titles and what we do there at work

and we kind of assume that that's it, that everyone goes home at the end of

the day and they're parents or guarding family members that are taken care of or

they're just chilling out, you know?

(music)

This should be like an interesting program. (chuckles)

For more infomation >> The Secret Lives of Public Servants - Episode 1: The Radical Artist - Duration: 4:25.

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SCDOT holding a public information meeting on changes to Woodruff Road next week - Duration: 1:40.

For more infomation >> SCDOT holding a public information meeting on changes to Woodruff Road next week - Duration: 1:40.

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Birmingham city council to hold public hearing on Skyy Nightclub business license - Duration: 0:44.

For more infomation >> Birmingham city council to hold public hearing on Skyy Nightclub business license - Duration: 0:44.

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Why do so many people love having sex in public places? - Duration: 13:53.

Why do so many people love having sex in public places?

I checked out the footage online.

(it was a slow news day, okay?).

and I felt almost nostalgic.

"Young love," I thought wistfully,.

as I made pancakes for the kids.

"They must really be into each other.

It's been a long time since I've had.

sex on a train platform.

A very long time, since I've never.

actually had sex on a train platform.

Still, I vividly recall the thrill of risky sex,.

sneaking a shag in when there's a good chance of being caught.

Most of us will, if only from our younger days.

Who didn't smuggle their boyfriend into their room and.

have a quickie before their parents got home?.

It feels subversive and exciting,.

with a shivery sense of triumph when you succeed.

Or, er, so I hear.

Yep, this is certainly taboo.

Source:Twitter  .

Having sex in public places is a little more.

kinky than sneaky bedroom sex,.

but it's on the same continuum.

And, as sexologist Nikki Goldstein explains to me,.

sex in public is a fairly standard fantasy.

It is illegal, and so it is taboo,.

and we are all turned on by the idea of a taboo.

Even sharing the stories is fun.

How many brilliant conversations have.

begun with the titillating words,.

"what is the weirdest place you've ever had sex?.

" (For the record, my second weirdest.

was in a stair well during a party.

And no, you don't need to know the first.

  Yep, these two were not shy.

Source:Twitter  .

So what kind of person actually goes through.

with the fantasy and has sex in public?.

Well, according to Nikki,.

some public sexers are attention seekers,.

and others are just trying to be kinky.

Some have agoraphilia,.

and become aroused from having sex in public.

Most enjoy the risk of being caught.

, rather than actually being sprung mid coitus.

And then there are those who actually enjoy.

being watched having sex,.

which is when kink veers into exhibitionism.

I've never been an exhibitionist.

(except when it comes to karaoke),.

but my desire for privacy has increased.

exponentially since having kids.

It's difficult to get any private time at all,.

let alone have sex uninterrupted in my own house.

The risk of being caught is a complete mood killer.

; instead of fantasising about public sex,.

I fantasise about locked hotel rooms and.

a reliable babysitter for the kids.

So is parenthood the end to public-sex fantasies?.

Well, not necessarily, says Nikki Goldstein.

, who explains that getting sprung by.

one's children is very different.

to getting sprung by another adult.

"Getting caught having sex by your kids.

is very awkward.

Getting caught by a stranger,.

on the other hand, isn't the end of the world.

If you take a mum and dad who are always.

worried about getting caught by their kids and.

put them in a park to have sex, they will still feel excited.

Probably, I think.

Just perhaps not a play park.

We are all utterly sick of them.

For more infomation >> Why do so many people love having sex in public places? - Duration: 13:53.

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Brother Of Good Samaritan Murdered In Pembroke Park Asks For Public's Help Finding Killer - Duration: 2:06.

For more infomation >> Brother Of Good Samaritan Murdered In Pembroke Park Asks For Public's Help Finding Killer - Duration: 2:06.

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Google v Apple: The tech war is ON after public SLAMS Google emoji but can YOU spot why? - Duration: 2:59.

Google v Apple: The tech war is ON after public SLAMS Google emoji but can YOU spot why?

has claimed it will 'drop everything' today to urgently address an issue that internet users have pointed out with the company's burger emoji. Internet users were incensed when they noticed a detail on the cheeseburger in the company's emoji.

The cheese in the Google version of the burger emoji is below the beef patty, whereas 's version features the cheese above the meat.  The drama started when writer Thomas Baekdal tweeted: "I think we need to have a discussion about how Googles burger emoji is placing the cheese underneath the burger, while Apple puts it on top.".

The tweet now has 16,467 retweets and 34,674 likes. Other Twitter users piled in to discuss the issue.

One wrote: "Can some top chef give a definitive answer on how to rearrange the toppings, if limit ingredients to: bun, tomato, lettuce, cheese, burger?" Another added: "OMG. Microsoft got it right! But Samsung puts the cheese on top of lettuce???".

Thomas tweeted an image of the analytics for his tweet, showing that over four million people saw his burger emoji complaint. Now Google have sprung into action to claim they will immediately to redress the issue.

The CEO Sundar Pichai said: "Will drop everything else we are doing and address on Monday:) if folks can agree on the correct way to do this!" Where do you think is the correct place to put cheese in a burger?.

A if you are hoping to buy the new iPhone X.  This groundbreaking new smartphone is the biggest update Apple has released in years and its sure to be a hugely popular device.

In fact, the iPhone X has already sold out online with fans now facing a 5-6 week wait to get their hands on one.

Apple has confirmed there will be a limited amount of stock available in stores on Friday morning with anyone wanting to be the first to own one advised to get in line early to avoid disappointment.

For more infomation >> Google v Apple: The tech war is ON after public SLAMS Google emoji but can YOU spot why? - Duration: 2:59.

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OffenderWatch seeks to keep public safe during Halloween - Duration: 0:54.

For more infomation >> OffenderWatch seeks to keep public safe during Halloween - Duration: 0:54.

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Fairfax County Public Schools - 5000 Salad Bars to Schools Celebration - Duration: 2:18.

Scott Brabrand: We're celebrating

the 5000th salad bar around the country

here at Fairfax County County Public Schools at Lynbrook Elementary School

It's an amazing partnership.

Tom Stenzel: We started this salad bar program seven years ago

and look where we are today

It's a game changer!

Dorothy Mcauliffe: 2.5 million children in all 50 states

now have access to a salad bar because of this collobaration.

Rodney Taylor: Fairfax is being highlighted because of the fact

that we're the 10th largest school district in the country.

That sends a powerful message

That we can provide children access to healthy food.

Ann Cooper: We are now living in a time

where a third of all kids are overweight or obese.

The food that we feed them in schools

might be the only healthy meal they eat all day.

Happy Kid: "Celery is good!"

Christie St. Pierre: We want to try to have

a variety of color on the salad bar to choose from

Especially local seasonal crops.

Kids are knowing where their food comes from

as we work with more local farmers.

Chris Guerre: I'm close by

I'm growing it already.

I'll bring it over.

Dr. Curwood: That is really something

that not only supports students and their academic success

but supports the local economy as well.

Rodney Taylor: We're changing perceptions

about food in Fairfax.

And when you do that you win the trust of parents

you improve participation

which allows you to put even more quality foods in schools.

Happy Kid: "I love salad!"

Scott Brabrand: Food habits start young

and we need to be educating the whole child.

Jay Nocco: It's not just about math and reading

Christie St. Pierre: It's all connected

We want to help students become lifelong healthy eaters.

Dr. Curwood: Children thrive when they eat healthy food.

Scott Brabrand: They study better

They perform better.

Dorothy Mcauliffe: When we empower kids

to make healthy choices at school.

we're really teaching them lifelong habits

Ann Cooper: Together, we can make sure

that every child, everyday,

has healthy food in school.

Rodney Taylor: The next step is fully implementing the program.

We have salad bars in 24 schools.

We're going to bring on another 24 this year.

Scott Brabrand: By 2020, we will have salad bars

in every single elementary school in Fairfax.

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