ROBERT COSTA: A breach in the Cabinet and Congress on the brink.
I'm Robert Costa. Welcome to Washington Week.
PRESIDENT DONALD TRUMP: (From video.) Every nation has not only the right, but the
absolute duty to protect its borders and its citizens.
Without borders we have the reign of chaos, crime, cartels.
ROBERT COSTA: President Trump digs in on his request for billions for a border wall,
rattling Capitol Hill and the markets. And he announces U.S. troops will leave Syria.
PRESIDENT DONALD TRUMP: (From video.) We've been fighting for a long time in Syria. I've been
president for almost two years and we've really stepped it up, and we have won against ISIS.
ROBERT COSTA: But leading Republicans push back.
SENATOR LINDSEY GRAHAM (R-SC): (From video.) To say they're defeated is an overstatement
and is fake news.
SENATOR MARCO RUBIO (R-FL): (From video.) The decision to withdraw an American presence
in Syria is a colossal, in my mind, mistake, a grave error that's going to have
significant repercussions in the years and months to come.
ROBERT COSTA: And Defense Secretary James Mattis resigns. Next on Washington Week.
ANNOUNCER: This is Washington Week. Once again, from Washington, moderator Robert Costa.
ROBERT COSTA: Good evening. You join us live on Friday night as Capitol Hill is buzzing
just days before Christmas. Our reporters have been closely tracking the showdown over
President Trump's ultimatum over funding for a border wall. Here is what you need to know.
The president, he wants 5 billion (dollars) for the wall to be included in the latest
government funding bill. But so far the Republican-controlled Congress on the eve of
divided government has struggled to find the votes, to say the least, and the president's
demand has sparked a frenzy tonight at the Capitol as lawmakers negotiate, exchange
barbs, and try to avert a partial government shutdown at midnight tonight.
SENATE MINORITY LEADER CHARLES SCHUMER (D-NY): (From video.) President Trump, you will
not get your wall. Abandon your shutdown strategy. You're not getting the wall today,
next week, or on January 3rd when Democrats take control of the House.
ROBERT COSTA: Now, there is a plan B out there.
The Senate on Wednesday passed what reporters call a clean bill; in other words, it
doesn't include the 5 billion (dollars) the president wants for his wall, but it would
simply fund the government through early February. The clock, though, it's ticking.
And joining us tonight, Molly Ball, national political correspondent for TIME Magazine;
Peter Baker, chief White House correspondent for The New York Times; Kimberly Atkins,
chief Washington reporter for The Boston Herald; and Jake Sherman, senior writer and
co-editor of POLITICO's Playbook. Jake, you're live on Capitol Hill tonight.
Thanks so much for joining us on this busy evening. We appreciate it.
Where do things stand, Jake, in terms of the negotiation?
There's a lot of talk among top aides that maybe there's a compromise in the works to not
give the president 5 billion (dollars) for his wall, but 1.6 billion (dollars).
JAKE SHERMAN: That's right. I mean, the government - just to be clear, the government
is almost certainly, almost without a doubt, shutting down here in about four hours.
But it was a fascinating scene today.
Basically, Republicans and Democrats in the Senate decided to proceed to a bill -
basically to debate a bill to buy time so they can come up with a global agreement so
they could pass all seven lingering appropriations bills in the coming days here.
So there's seven bills that need to be passed that deal with a big slice of government,
and they're going to try to work over the next couple days to get it done. Now, there
are a lot of pressure points, as you noted, Bob. Like, $1.6 billion is about as much as
Democrats will allow for border security - not the president's wall, but border security.
And I just talked to Jim Jordan, the conservative Republican from Ohio, who said 1.6
billion (dollars) is not going to do it for me, and I think that's the reaction you're
going to get from conservatives across the Capitol. So the question is, what does Donald
Trump do? Does he come out and embrace a lower total, 1.6 billion (dollars), instead of
5 billion (dollars), to avoid a prolonged shutdown into next year?
It's not clear to any of us at this point.
But Vice President Mike Pence is just around the corner from here in the Capitol with
Jared Kushner and Mick Mulvaney, trying to get a deal, doing shuttle diplomacy -
literally going between the House and the Senate, trying to negotiate a deal.
ROBERT COSTA: And some moderate senators, retiring Republicans like Jeff Flake and Bob
Corker, they seem to be playing critical roles tonight.
Are they trying to get a compromise through the Senate as well?
JAKE SHERMAN: They are. Bob Corker voted to proceed on to the bill for a procedural
motion that he seemed at least hesitant to take. Jeff Flake switched his vote, voted
no and then voted yes when he had assurances that negotiations would happen.
It's definitely a last gasp from Bob Corker, who told us literally yesterday that he was
going home and not coming back, and thanked us for all of our work in covering him over
the years. So I guess he decided that he was going to have one more deal-making session
over the next couple days. But listen, this isn't a complicated deal. This deal has been
cooked in the Senate for a long time. The question is, will Donald Trump accept this
$1.6 billion? And we don't have an answer for that at this point.
ROBERT COSTA: Bob Corker also told reporters to go have a scotch while everyone waits
for these negotiations to finish. I promise you we're just having - (laughter) - water
and coffee here tonight at the table. But, Peter, Jake mentioned that the White House has
Vice President Pence, Jared Kushner, Mick Mulvaney - the new chief of staff - on Capitol Hill.
The president keeps - said a few days ago he'd be willing to have a shutdown over the 5
billion (dollars). Is the White House walking back that demand?
PETER BAKER: Well, that's the problem, right? If you're in the room negotiating with
this president or with this president's people, you don't know what he's going to do.
One minute he says yes, the next minute he says no. Earlier this week it looked like
he was ready to back down and accept, you know, a temporary solution till February.
Then he got his backup once the conservative media, Rush Limbaugh and so forth, began
pummeling him for caving in, and he went the other direction.
So it really makes it harder to negotiate if you don't know that your negotiating partner
is going to stick to a position for longer than, you know, a day, basically.
ROBERT COSTA: You've been covering the Democrats over the last few weeks.
Likely Speaker Nancy Pelosi, she's holding the line.
Does she feel and her allies feel that the president's boxed in here, that they have to
accept that original Democratic offer of 1.6 billion (dollars) for the wall, Molly?
MOLLY BALL: They do, and I think that they've - they're somewhat vindicated by the fact
that the next offer that appears to be coming down the pike is basically their original
position. They haven't really budged, and Republicans are trying to give them what they
want. The original Senate deal gave the Democrats what they wanted.
To be clear, the president is never going to have more leverage than he does right now.
He's still got the House. He's still got both houses of Congress.
Now, he does need 60 Republican votes to get something through the Senate.
There was unimaginable level of relief on Capitol Hill, particularly among Republicans,
when earlier this week he not only signaled that he would support this deal, but tweeted
in support of it. But then, as Peter said, he changed his mind.
And so even with Mike Pence and Jared Kushner, nobody on Capitol Hill feels they can
trust any of the people negotiating on Trump's behalf or even negotiating directly with
Trump, because he can turn around and change his mind. And so, you know, everybody there
would just like to go home, and nobody is as invested in the border wall as the president is.
The reason that the Senate unanimously passed this deal that didn't include a border wall
- it included a rather nominal amount of border security - is that they don't care about
the wall as much as Trump does, and the House doesn't care about the wall as much as
Trump does. And that's why for two years they've been putting him off and not funding
the wall, because they don't - he's the one who wants this. And he has realized he's the
one who's going to have to insist on this for it to get done, and even then it may not.
ROBERT COSTA: If the talks continue tonight, Kim, the government will partially shut
down. What does that mean for federal workers? What does that mean for the country?
KIMBERLY ATKINS: Yeah, so there are - that means about 25 percent of the government,
their employees, will either be furloughed - meaning they won't go to work, they won't
get paid - or they will have to go to work, if they're essential, and not get paid,
either way. And these aren't just people here in Washington; these are people throughout
the country, and they're also working at some of the most - the key agencies that the
president is talking about when it comes to border security, right? We're talking
about - we're talking about Homeland Security, the DOJ, customs and border enforcement.
The very folks that are the focus of these talks will be the ones showing up to work
every day - because they are mostly essential - and not being paid while this fight plays
out, which is something that I'm not sure the president has thought that part of it
through, the optics of it. Plus, it's right before Christmas. It's just terrible optics,
and there are folks that are - on the Republican side that are concerned about that.
PETER BAKER: Just what you want, unpaid TSA agents -
KIMBERLY ATKINS: Right, as going on a plane.
PETER BAKER: - as everybody's getting on a plane to go home for the holidays.
KIMBERLY ATKINS: Exactly.
ROBERT COSTA: So that's part of maybe the pressure points here. But, Jake, what about
the markets tumbling today? Has that forced lawmakers to try to get a deal done?
JAKE SHERMAN: You know, I was just talking to somebody about this.
I can't remember the last time I heard any member of Congress talk about the stock
market, which is shocking to think about.
But it does play into the backdrop of the political climate at the moment.
The president, obviously, is exceedingly focused on the stock market and the economic
indicators across the economy, basically.
But I will say they feel comfortable in this shutdown, which is ironic because Saturday
and Sunday are weekends and a lot of the government's not open on weekends, and Monday
and Tuesday are federal holidays. The president just declared Christmas Eve - the
government's closed on Christmas Eve. So they feel like they could actually keep
the government closed a couple days. They have some cushion.
If I had to guess, though, there will be some agreement here in the next 24 to 36 hours.
That's just the sense that I get from being in the hallways and talking to people.
There were some people that thought there might even be an agreement tonight.
They have to give their members 24 hours to get back to Washington.
Many people went home. Carlos Curbelo from Florida was a flight to Miami tonight.
So people need time to get back here, and I think we'll see that in the next couple days.
ROBERT COSTA: I want to come back to something, Peter, you brought up, the right-wing
rebellion. It was only Wednesday I was at the Capitol and it seemed like a deal was
imminent, that they would have some kind of short-term clean resolution, or maybe
with 1.6 billion (dollars) attached. Then you heard about Fox News and Rush Limbaugh
saying the president was caving on his signature promise. Senators were saying there's
almost a tyranny - that's the Corker line today - tyranny of the right wing driving this
president. Is that what the view is inside of the White House, that he's listening to these
conservative voices more than voices who maybe work for him on the White House staff or
are associated with him in Congress?
PETER BAKER: Yeah, I mean, you know, Ann Coulter seemed to have more of an impact than
Mitch McConnell, right?
Mitch McConnell has done an awful lot for this president and gotten through his Supreme
Court nominees and a lot of other judges, gotten through what he could do on legislation.
And yet, when Ann Coulter writes a pretty tough column saying this is a president who has
failed on his most signature campaign promise - and that is the issue here; it is his
most signature campaign promise - he gets all worked up about it.
He unfollows her on Twitter, but basically then is following her in terms of his policy
priorities at the moment. He gets very sensitive to this. And in fact, you hear
former aides of his and current aides of his talk about how the way to shape his
thinking is to make sure you get your people out on Fox News to describe what is going
on, and they didn't do that. They didn't get their side out on Fox News for him to hear.
ROBERT COSTA: But I wonder, Kim, is that the whole story with President Trump?
At one level he's constantly listening to the right wing.
But you also look at what happened this week: they passed a bipartisan farm bill, they
passed criminal justice reform with bipartisan support.
What's the real story with where this administration is going in divided government?
KIMBERLY ATKINS: Yeah, those are two things you think he would be doing victory laps
over. But what else is happening this week? We have the increased pressure from the
Mueller investigation, things going wrong, and when that happens you tend to see the
president want to fight. He feels sort of in his - in his element when he is fighting
a fight and he has an opponent. And he went right back to the wall, which is just a
part of his identity at this point. He loves fighting that battle over the wall.
It was driven in part by the conservative media commentators. But it brings him back
to his base. We saw a similar thing happen when the larger immigration reform attempt
kind of fizzled out. There was a deal that was ready to be done and at the last
minute the White House torpedoed it because he was reminded your base does not
want amnesty, they want the wall, and he walked away.
ROBERT COSTA: Is that what this really all comes down to, then, Molly?
The whole fight, this whole showdown on a Friday night, is it about the president
signaling to that core voter we may have to have a deal here at the end of the day, but
at least I fought to the eleventh hour?
MOLLY BALL: The theme of the Trump presidency for the last two years has been that he is
president for this base of Trump lovers, Trump supporters and not for the rest of America.
He's not particularly interested in the fact that he's got an approval rating in the high
30s and just experienced an epic political repudiation in the midterms. That doesn't
bother him, but it does bother him. And what I don't really understand is, what would
happen if he were to try to lead them on this issue rather than being led by them?
Because on all sorts of issues, he has led the Republican base into uncharted
territory, whether it's being friendly to Vladimir Putin, whether it's being against
federal law enforcement and the DOJ, against Jeff Sessions, previously revered by the
Republican base, on all kinds of issues he has been the one leading the base and they
have followed him. The famous 5th Avenue quote, right?
He could basically do anything and they would follow him there.
And yet on immigration, he continues to feel that this is the issue that he has to
follow not just the base, but, I mean, because even majorities of Republican voters, even
majorities of Trump supporters don't necessarily support a super hard line on immigration
or the wall itself. And yet, the Ann Coulters of the world, who represent a small splice
of that Republican base, he absolutely feels that he cannot earn their displeasure.
ROBERT COSTA: Jake, final point on this. If they do come up with a spending
agreement, based on what Molly just said, if the right is still up in arms about
any kind of deal, does that mean an agreement, should one be made, will likely have
to pass through the House and through the Senate with mostly Democratic votes?
JAKE SHERMAN: Well, it'll pass the Senate with, like, 90 votes because both parties are
in agreement on the broad spectrum of issues here. But the real danger for the
president and, furthermore, Kevin McCarthy and Paul Ryan, who's halfway out the door
at this point, is that a majority of Republicans in the House do not support the deal.
And that's really, really scary for this president because he has communicated privately
to people, the White House has communicated privately that they really need a majority of
Republicans on this bill. One more point here. Paul Ryan and Kevin McCarthy have
been promising this border wall fight now for almost two years.
They kept telling him not advantageous to do it now, let's push it off, let's push
it off, and the president's finally saying, where is this fight?
Now you've told me for two years we're going to have this fight, we haven't had it and
now it's at the end of Republican Washington, we need to have this fight.
And that's what I think - why I think the president's fighting so hard here because he's
put it off for so long and he thinks it's time to really have this showdown.
ROBERT COSTA: Let's turn to another big topic this week. President Trump suddenly
announced this week that he is pulling U.S. forces out of Syria, rocking officials at
the Pentagon, who were not expecting the announcement. President Trump has advocated
for pulling troops back from Syria for a long time, but the decision to exit without
careful coordination surprised U.S. allies and Defense Secretary James Mattis.
Mattis widely is seen as one of the steadiest hands in the Cabinet; he resigned soon
after this decision was made.
And in his resignation letter, he wrote, "Because you have the right to have a secretary
of defense whose views are better aligned with yours on these and other subjects, I
believe it is right for me to step down from my position." Peter, a monumental breach in the
Cabinet. This was not a retirement, as President Trump tweeted. This was a resignation, a rebuke.
PETER BAKER: That's right, a resignation in protest, which is not a common thing in
Washington. I mean, a lot of times, people might quit government, but they don't
say so as they leave the door that it's because they're unhappy with the president, usually
not advantageous to them. Jim Mattis makes very clear in his letter what his problems are.
He says that we ought to be standing up to the Chinese and the Russians and we ought to
be standing with the Germans and French and British and our other allies and we're not
doing either of those things; and therefore, it's time for me to leave.
This is, oddly enough as we're talking about the president's following the lead of
conservatives, the opposite of that. This is where he's taking on the dominant
conservative thinking within his party, which tends to be more hawkish, which tends
to be pro leaving troops in Syria and Afghanistan, definitely pro Jim Mattis.
You heard Lindsey Graham, who's been one of President Trump's biggest allies in recent
months, being caustic in his response, saying this is an Obama-like mistake.
So suddenly, you've got this odd dichotomy where he's with the right on the border wall
and he's against the right on pulling home. And in his view, this is all of a piece,
it's all about the same thing, America first, right? He sees a connection to these things
that is ideologically coherent. But within the Republican Party, it exposes a lot of fissures.
ROBERT COSTA: When you think about this idea that Secretary Mattis was the "adult in the
room," that's widely talked about throughout Washington, who now plays a countering role
to what Peter was talking about, that America first instinct, Molly?
Is it Secretary Pompeo? Is it John Bolton, the national security adviser?
MOLLY BALL: I think nobody knows and that's why so many people are so frightened.
You heard a really - a real sense of panic from some of the most sober-minded and sort of
patrician minds in Washington, members of the national security establishment, who even
up to now have been relatively sanguine, feeling like they could trust people like -
people like Mattis and also John Kelly, the generals, those experienced hands who were
there with Trump, who would literally swat his finger away from the button if it got to
that point. And those people aren't there anymore, none of them are there.
Tillerson maybe might have been counted as one of this group in the past.
And so there is less and less feeling that there is any check on Trump.
And so this is why you're seeing the markets swoon.
This is why you're seeing a real sense of fear and trepidation in Washington is the
concern that maybe he really has cast off all these restraints.
You know, for the first two years of his presidency, I think of the signal promises of
Trumpism that countervened the sort of bipartisan consensus as being trade, foreign policy
and immigration. So there was a bipartisan really consensus in the Democratic and
Republican establishment against tariffs and trade wars, against isolationism, pulling
troops out of all of our places that we are abroad, and against building a wall.
And he has figured out that if he just gets rid of these people who have been holding him
back, he can do all that stuff and that is deeply disruptive, just as he promised.
ROBERT COSTA: So beyond being disruptive on policy and personnel, he's disruptive with
these wars. What does it mean in Afghanistan and in Syria, Kim?
KIMBERLY ATKINS: Yeah, I mean, I think it remains to be seen.
A lot of people are worried, yes, there are about 2,200 troops in Syria, in northern
Syria, not a huge amount, but it brings back memories of Iraq and when we had a drawdown
there and it left a vacuum in which ISIS was able to thrive.
And that if the real focus, as President Trump said so forcefully during his campaign, is
fighting these terrorist groups because they pose such a danger to the United States,
that this could very well be a premature declaration of victory.
And beyond that, I mean, it is, when it comes to Mattis' resignation, it is about these
two different views of how to approach this, but it's also a worldview that is so
different. His letter was so extraordinary.
I think he wrote it for the history books to lay out very clearly the world - for the
world really that the United States should be standing with its allies, the United States
should be cleareyed about its adversaries and work toward those interests, and the
president doesn't believe that, so I can't work there. It's a stunning rebuke.
ROBERT COSTA: Jake, the view on Capitol Hill, are they stunned as well about Secretary
Mattis' departure? Or is President Trump still in full grip of his own party?
JAKE SHERMAN: I think we have to keep in mind that on Capitol Hill people like Mattis
and Pompeo and John Kelly are the people that actually interact the most with members of
Congress. They get briefed. I mean, Mattis is up here all the time. Pompeo, I saw him
this week walking out of future Speaker Nancy Pelosi's office. So they have a rapport
with these people and they deal with them a lot, so I think that there's a lot of shock.
You saw Mitch McConnell last night issue a very strong-worded statement about Mattis'
departure, which was stunning for him, stunning for a congressional leader. You saw a
similar one - Paul Ryan issued one when John Kelly announced his resignation. Now, is
he in full control of his party? I think he's losing some control with some of these
decisions. You are seeing people like Marco Rubio and Lindsey Graham take very serious
issue with their - with his military decisions.
And the fact that he is not briefing people, I mean, listen, Republicans had a lot of
disagreements with Obama about his military strategy, his foreign policy, but he briefed
key players on Capitol Hill all the time, kept them in the know.
ROBERT COSTA: Jake, who's the frontrunner to replace Secretary Mattis?
Is it Senator Tom Cotton of Arkansas or somebody else?
JAKE SHERMAN: I think Tom Cotton would have a tough time because I think Tom Cotton
disagrees with a lot of things the president has done. I think that it would be helpful
if it was somebody from the Senate because they would have an easier time getting
through, getting through confirmation, but I think it's a little too early to say.
ROBERT COSTA: Peter, you mentioned how this underscores President Trump's instincts on
foreign policy, a noninterventionist, not a George W. Bush hawk. Has he always been that? Is
that where this Republican Party is going? Because there's always the discussion about Mattis'
departure and him as a person. But really, where is this administration going on foreign policy?
PETER BAKER: Yeah, it's a great question. And in fairness to, you know, to President
Trump, nobody should be surprised by this or the border wall. These are things he talked
about consistently, passionately, repeatedly as a candidate and obviously since becoming president.
He has felt held back, held back by the Congress, held back by Jim Mattis, held back, as
Molly was just saying, by all the people around him and he does seem to be sort of
feeling more liberated now. His view is not that different from President Obama's,
which is that it's a waste of our resources and time to be enmeshed in these Middle
East conflicts that we can't really solve anyway. Now, the difference in President
Obama and President Trump is in fact partly process, how you go about doing it.
Right? Jake just mentioned briefings. Like, you don't leave your defense secretary
so upset about your process that he decides to resign. You don't leave the chairman
of the Joint Chiefs of Staff out of the room without some consequence. You know, allies
are flustered about what to make of this. But he has always said he thinks America
should be focused back at home, less interventionist, less on the ground in all these
different places where people are killed and he sees it for no particular value.
ROBERT COSTA: You don't see anyone almost in the GOP with that same view.
PETER BAKER: Well, this is the problem.
I mean, if you talked about going to the Senate for a defense secretary, I don't know who
in that Senate would agree with him, at least on the largescale, of these things.
And Jack Keane, I've seen his name mentioned, a general, used to be vice chair of the
Joint Chiefs, he's a very hawkish figure. I can't imagine him -
ROBERT COSTA: The closest could be Senator Rand Paul of Kentucky.
MOLLY BALL: That would certainly be an interesting turn of events if that were the case.
ROBERT COSTA: But right, he almost shares the views.
MOLLY BALL: Well, here is the thing, is that I think the difference between -
ROBERT COSTA: You've got 30 seconds left.
MOLLY BALL: - even about even a Rand Paul is that, you know, we can't overlook the
Russia angle in all this, the fact that President Trump did what was most advantageous
for Russian President Putin. And the fact that he has so consistently gone against
the interests of our allies in favor of our adversaries - and I don't think that -
and against international institutions like NATO.
ROBERT COSTA: What a night, we have to leave it there. Thank you, everyone.
And thank you for joining us tonight. Our conversation will continue on the
Washington Week Podcast. You can find that on our website and also on your favorite
podcast app. I'm Robert Costa. Thanks for joining us and enjoy the holidays.
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